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Centralised recirculating filtration systems, also known as RAS (recirculating aquaculture systems) and LSS (life support systems), are designed to deliver optimal, stable water parameters in order to promote healthy livestock. 

Depuration (purification) refers to the process whereby shellfish such as mussels and oysters are placed in specially designed filtration systems to reduce bacterial levels to below set thresholds prior to human consumption. 

Shellfish holding systems are specialised systems for holding shellfish, primarily decapod Crustaceans such as Lobster, Nephrops and Crab. They are designed so that shellfish can rest, purge physical contaminants (e.g. sand), empty their digestive systems, reduce stress, and improve flesh flavour, as well as effective holding systems for research.

Biological filtration refers to filtration methods that utilise living organisms to neutralise or remove undesirable substances from a process liquid.

HR Carbon is a highly retentive carbon which is the result of several years’ development and testing in freshwater and marine aquariums.

To ensure the success of any aquatic system it is essential that fluctuations in any water parameters are avoided.

Mechanical filtration is possibly the most important filtration element of any re-circulatory filtration system.

Effective monitoring and control is vital to successfully operate recirculation systems by keeping water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, oxygen and Redox maintained within acceptable limits for the cultured species.  

Ozone gas is a highly useful addition to any re-circulatory filtration system and although widely used in marine systems, it also has uses in freshwater applications. 

Protein skimming, or foam fractionation, is the process by which dissolved and particulate organic carbons are removed from a liquid...

There are many different types of pumps available on the market today, each designed to fulfil a specific function. 

Ultraviolet is a term used to describe the wavelength between the blue violet range of the visible spectrum and the shorter wavelength or X-rays.

Lighting should be a carefully considered part of any life support system. It plays a key role in the biology and welfare of most animals and plants.

Measurement of light is important to evaluate that lighting is right for an application. We at Biosystems are strong advocates of measuring what we and others do, and as such we have sourced a tool that can cover most bases fairly easily. 

Control is an important part of any lighting system. Proper control of light can improve welfare whilst also resulting in cost savings.